S100B

S100 proteins belong to a family of EF-hand calcium binding proteins that exist mostly as dimers of the 20 currently identified individual S100 monomers. The S100B homodimer is expressed in cells of the central nervous system, glial cells and in certain peripheral cells e.g. Schwann cells, melanocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. The determination of S100B in serum levels may be used to monitor the extent of brain injury and malignant melanoma.