Carnosic Acid

Antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Increases cellular levels of glutathione (GSH) and prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells [1]. Carnosic acid-stimulation of GSH inhibits adipocyte differentiation [2]. Induces apoptosis [3] and inhibits the proliferation and migration of various tumor cell lines [4].

References:

1) Chen et al. (2012), Carnosic acid prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells via mediation of glutathione synthesis; Chem. Res. Toxicol., 25 1893

2) Takahashi et al. (2009), Carnosic acid and carnosol inhibit adipocyte differentiation in mouse 3T3-L1 cells through induction of phase2 enzymes and activation of glutathione metabolism; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 382 549

3) Kar et al. (2012), Carnosic acid modulates Akt/IKK/NFκB signaling by PP2A and induces intrinsic and extrinsic pathway mediated apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells; Apoptosis, 17 735

4) Barni et al. (2012), Carnosic acid inhibits the proliferation and migration capacity of human colorectal cancer cells; Oncol. Rep., 27 1041