Doxorubicin HCl

Antitumor antibiotic. Induces DNA damage by intercalation [1] and inhibition of topoisomerase 2. Induces apoptosis in a variety of cell lines [2]. Substrate for MDR1 [3]. Cell permeable.

References:

1) Zeman et al. (1998), Characterization of covalent adriamycin-DNA adducts;  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 95 11561

2) Katoh et al. (1998), Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibits apoptotic death in hematopoietic cells after exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs by inducing MCL1 acting as an antiapoptotic factor;  Cancer Res., 58 5565

3) Perez et al. (2011), Anti-MDR-1 siRNA restores chemosensitivity in chemoresistant breast carcinoma and osteosarcoma cell lines; Anticancer Res., 31 2813